Today in HISTORY

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YEARDAYEVENT
69CESep 1Traditional date for the destruction of Jerusalem.
891Sep 1Norse defeated near Louvaine, France.
1267Sep 1Ramban (Nachmanides) arrived in Jerusalem to establish a Jewish community.
1482Sep 1Krim-Tataren plundered Kiev.
1511Sep 1Council of Pisa opened. Louis XII of France called the council to oppose the Holy League of Pope Julius II.
1557Sep 1Jacques Cartier, French explorer, died in St. Malo, France.
1598Sep 1Spanish king Philip II (“Scourge of Heretics”) received his last rites sacrament.
1614Sep 1Vincent Fettmich expelled Jews from Frankfurt-on-Main, Germany.
1689Sep 1Russia began taxing men’s beards.
1676Sep 1Nathaniel Bacon led an uprising against English Governor William Berkeley at Jamestown, Virginia, resulting in the settlement being burned to the ground. Bacon’s Rebellion came in response to the governor’s repeated refusal to defend the colonists against the Indians.
1730Sep 1Benjamin Franklin married Miss Read.
1731Sep 1Pierre Danican Philidor (50), composer, died.
1739Sep 135 Jews were sentenced to life in prison in Lisbon, Portugal.
1752Sep 1The Liberty Bell arrived in Philadelphia.
1773Sep 1Phillis Wheatley, a slave from Boston, published a collection of poetry, “Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral,” in London.
1785Sep 1Mozart published his 6th string quartet opus 10 in Vienna.
1799Sep 1Bank of Manhattan Company opened in NYC. It was the forerunner to Chase Manhattan.
1821Sep 1William Becknell led a group of traders from Independence, Mo., toward Santa Fe on what would become the Santa Fe Trail.
1836Sep 1Reconstruction began on Synagogue of Rabbi Judah Hasid in Jerusalem.
1838Sep 1William Clark (68), 2nd lt. of Lewis and Clark Expedition, died.
1849Sep 1California Constitutional Convention was held in Monterey.
1861Sep 1Ulysses Grant assumed command of Federal forces at Cape Girardeau, MI.
1862Sep 1A federal tax was levied on tobacco, especially that grown in Confederate states.
1863Sep 1RR and ferry connections between SF and Oakland were inaugurated. Southern Pacific had begun running steam trains in the East Bay this year.
1864Sep 1The Charlottetown Conference, convened in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, was the first of a series of meetings that ultimately led to the formation of the Dominion of Canada.
1865Sep 1Joseph Lister performed his 1st antiseptic surgery.
1866Sep 1Manuelito, the last Navaho chief, turned himself in at Fort Wingate, New Mexico.
1868Sep 1In San Francisco the Daily Dramatic Chronicle with widened coverage became the Morning Chronicle.
1870Sep 1The Prussian army crushed the French under Marshal MacMahon at Sedan, the last battle of the Franco-Prussian War.
1874Sep 1In Australia Sydney General Post Office opened.
1876Sep 1The Ottomans inflicted a decisive defeat on the Serbs at Aleksinac.
1878Sep 1Emma M. Nutt became the first female telephone operator in the United States, for the Telephone Despatch Co. of Boston.
1882Sep 1The first Labor Day was observed in New York City by the Carpenters and Joiners Union.
1890Sep 1The 1st baseball tripleheader was between Boston and Pittsburgh.
1894Sep 1By an act of Congress, Labor Day was declared a national holiday.
1897Sep 1The first section of Boston’s subway system was opened. The Park St. Station in Boston was the nation’s first subway station. The Boylston Street subway opened in 1897.
1902Sep 1The Austro-Hungarian army was called into the city of Agram to restore the peace as Serbs and Croats clashed.
1905Sep 1Alberta and Saskatchewan became the 8th and 9th Canadian provinces.
1906Sep 1Papua New Guinea was placed under Australian administration, which continued to 1973.
1908Sep 1The first railway in modern Saudi Arabia, the Hejaz railway from Jordan’s border to Medina, reached Medina. This narrow gauge railway was shut down in 1915.
1911Sep 1M. Fourny set a world aircraft distance record of 720 km.
1914Sep 1Russia renamed St. Petersburg to Petrograd.
1915Sep 1In the SF Bay Area 2 men were killed when eight tons of dynamite exploded on a train car being unloaded from magazines of the Hercules Powder Works to the steamer Century.
1922Sep 1A NYC law required all “pool” rooms to change their name to “billiards.”
1923Sep 1The Japanese cities of Tokyo and Yokohama were devastated by the Great Kanto earthquake that claimed 99,000-143,000 lives. The 7.9-8.3 quake off Tokyo’s shoreline killed some 99,300 people.
1928Sep 1US Boy Scouts planted 3,000 Lincoln Highway posts at one mile intervals across the US. The 1st was at Times Square and the last in San Francisco at the Legion of Honor.
1938Sep 1Mussolini cancelled the civil rights of Italian Jews.
1939Sep 1Hitler ordered the extermination of mentally ill.
1940Sep 1Gen. George Marshall was sworn in as chief of staff of US army.
1941Sep 1Jews living in Germany were required to wear a yellow Star of David.
1942Sep 1A federal judge in Sacramento, Calif., upheld the wartime detention of Japanese-Americans as well as Japanese nationals.
1945Sep 1Americans received word of Japan’s formal surrender that ended World War II. Because of the time difference, it was Sept. 2 in Tokyo Bay, where the ceremony took place.
1948Sep 1Chinese Communists formed the North China People’s Republic.
1949Sep 1The 1st network detective series, Private Eyes, premiered.
1950Sep 1US Company C, 1st Battalion of the 23rd Infantry Regiment, was almost completely annihilated as North Korean divisions opened an assault on UN lines on the Naktong River. Only Company C and other elements of the 2nd Infantry Division stood in the path.
1951Sep 1PM Ben-Gurion ordered the establishment of Mossad, the Israeli secret service.
1954Sep 1Martin Luther King Jr. (1929-1968) became pastor at the Dexter Avenue Baptist Church in Montgomery, Alabama.
1956Sep 1Indian state of Tripura became a territory.
1960Sep 1Robert Bolt’s “A Man For All Seasons,” premiered in London.
1961Sep 1The Soviet Union ended a moratorium on atomic testing with an above-ground nuclear explosion in central Asia.
1962Sep 1UN announced Earth’s that human population has hit 3 billion.
1962Sep 1Some 10,000 died in an earthquake in western Iran.
1967Sep 1New York state’s Taylor Law went into effect. It severely curtailed the ability of public employees in the state to strike.
1968Sep 1Pirate Radio Marina in the Netherlands began transmitting.
1969Sep 1There was a race riot in Hartford, Connecticut.
1970Sep 1Dr. Hugh Scott of Washington, D.C., became the first African-American superintendent of schools in a major U.S. city.
1973Sep 1In Copenhagen, Denmark, the 74-year-old Hafnia Hotel burned, killing 35.
1974Sep 1In the Netherlands laws prohibiting pirate radio came into effect.
1975Sep 1NYC transit fares rose from 35 cents to 50 cents.
1976Sep 1U.S. Rep. Wayne L. Hays, D-Ohio, resigned in the wake of a scandal in which he admitted having an affair with secretary Elizabeth Ray.
1977Sep 1Ethel Waters (b.1896), African-American blues and jazz vocalist, died.
1981Sep 1Albert Speer, a close associate of Adolf Hitler who ran the Nazi war machine, died at a London hospital at age 76.
1982Sep 1The US Congress created the 110,000 acre Mount St. Helens National Volcanic Monument.
1986Sep 1Paul McCartney released his “Press to Play” album.
1989Sep 1A. Bartlett Giamatti (51), Baseball Commissioner, died of heart attack at his summer home in Martha’s Vineyard, Mass.
1990Sep 1President Bush announced that he and Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev would meet in Helsinki, Finland, for a “free-flowing” one-day summit on the Persian Gulf crisis and other issues.
1991Sep 1The Burning Man Festival came to the Black Rock Desert in Nevada from Baker’s Beach in San Francisco.
1992Sep 1Defying a U.S. government warning, Bobby Fischer announced he would play his one-time rival, Boris Spassky, in a $5 million chess match in Yugoslavia despite United Nations-imposed sanctions.
1993Sep 1The Pentagon unveiled a five-year defense plan to further shrink the U.S. military in favor of a lean, high-tech force.
1994Sep 1Chicago police found the body of 11-year-old Robert “Yummy” Sandifer, a suspect in a gang-related killing who apparently became a victim of gang violence.
1995Sep 1The 716-acre Limekiln State Park on the California Big Sur coast opened.
1996Sep 1A day after Iraqi forces moved into a Kurdish safe haven, U.S. officials were warning the Baghdad government that the incursion would not go unpunished. That same day, Iraq ordered its troops to withdraw from Irbil.
1997Sep 1The 32nd annual Muscular Dystrophy Telethon, led by Jerry Lewis, ended with a record $50.5 million pledged.
1998Sep 1The DJIA rebounded 288 points and the stock market set an all-time trading volume record with 1.201 billion shares traded on the NYSE.
1999Sep 1Twenty-two of baseball’s 68 permanent umpires found themselves jobless, the fallout from their union’s failed attempt to force an early start to negotiations for a new labor contract.
2000Sep 1Pres. Clinton put the anti-missile national defense system on hold and passed the decision for moving the project forward to his successor.
2001Sep 1The US issued a 34 cent stamp featuring Arabic calligraphy that says “Eid Mubarek,” a greeting used to celebrate the 2 holiest Islamic holidays, Aid al-Fitr for the end of Ramadan fasting, and Eid al-Adha for the end of the annual pilgrimage to Mecca.
2002Sep 1Secretary of State Colin Powell said the US should first seek a return of UN weapons inspectors to Iraq before taking any further steps.
2003Sep 1During a Labor Day trip to Richfield, Ohio, President Bush announced he was creating a high-level government post to nurture the manufacturing sector.
2004Sep 1VP Cheney and Democrat Zell Miller were featured as prime-time speakers at the Republican Convention in NYC.
2005Sep 1The California Senate approved a bill to legalize same-sex marriage.
2006Sep 1US federal agents began rounding up illegal immigrants in Stillmore, Georgia. More than 120 illegal immigrants were loaded onto buses bound for immigration courts in Atlanta. Hundreds more fled Emanuel County. The Crider poultry plant was left scrambling for workers.
2007Sep 1North Korea and the US began face-to-face talks in Geneva aimed at reaching an agreement on how to proceed with Pyongyang’s denuclearization pledge.
2008Sep 1Roz Savage arrived in Waikiki, Ha., after rowing 99 days from SF, Ca. The English-born woman hoped to become the first woman to row alone across the Pacific Ocean with the goal of raising awareness of the amount of plastic pollution in the ocean.
2009Sep 1A top State Department official said the US has released $214 million of an aid package to help Mexico fight drug trafficking, including funds for five helicopters for the military to be delivered by year’s end.
2010Sep 1The United States changed commanders in Iraq, beginning the final phase of American military involvement in the country despite political uncertainty and persistent violence.
2011Sep 1The New York Times said the US Federal Housing Finance Agency is filing lawsuits against major banks, accusing them of bundling subprime home loans into bonds that never should have been sold to investors, and causing mortgage giants Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac to lose billions.
2012Sep 1In Iowa a pilot was killed at an air show in Davenport after his Soviet Cold War era jet crashed into a nearby field.
2013Sep 1The new eastern half of the SF Bay Bridge opened for traffic following a shutdown that began Aug 28.
2014Sep 1In Atlantic City, NJ, the $2.4 billion Revel Casino Hotel emptied its hotel. Its casino was due to close Sep 2, a little over two years after opening.

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