Today in HISTORY

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YEARDAYEVENT
1307Oct 13French king Philip IV convicted the Knights Templar of heresy. Members of the Knights of Templar were arrested throughout France, imprisoned and tortured by the order of the King Philip the Fair.
1399Oct 13Henry IV of England was crowned.
1582Oct 13This day was one of ten skipped to bring the calendar into sync. by order of the Council of Trent. Oct 5-14 were dropped.
1601Oct 13Tycho Brahe, astronomer, died in Prague.
1629Oct 13Dutch West Indies Co. granted religious freedom in West Indies.
1652Oct 13Abraham Verhoeven, Flemish printer and newspaper publisher, died.
1670Oct 13Virginia passed a law that blacks arriving in the colonies as Christians could not be used as slaves.
1680Oct 13Daniel Elsevier, book publisher and publisher, died at 54.
1701Oct 13Andreas Anton Schmelzer, composer, died at 47.
1710Oct 13English troops occupied Acadia, Nova Scotia.
1792Oct 13The “Old Farmer’s Almanac” was 1st published.
1812Oct 13Isaac Brock, English general (conquered Detroit), died in battle.
1815Oct 13Joachim Murat, marshal of France and King of Naples (1808-15), was executed.
1843Oct 13The Jewish organization B’nai B’rith was founded in New York City.
1845Oct 13Texas voters ratified a state constitution.
1849Oct 13The California state constitution, which prohibited slavery, was signed in Monterey.
1858Oct 13The sixth debate between senatorial candidates Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas took place in Quincy, Ill.
1860Oct 13The 1st US aerial photo was taken from a balloon over Boston.
1864Oct 13Battle at Darbytown Road Virginia resulted in 337 casualties.
1864Oct 13Maryland voters adopted a new constitution, including abolition of slavery.
1870Oct 13Gustav Mahler (10) gave his 1st public piano concert.
1903Oct 13Victor Herbert’s “Babes in Toyland,” premiered in NYC.
1904Oct 13Sigmund Freud’s “The Interpretation of Dreams” was published.
1908Oct 13The Chicago Cubs won Game 4 of the World Series, defeating the Detroit Tigers 3-0 to take a 3-1 Series lead.
1918Oct 13A forest fire killed some 1,000 people in Minnesota and Wisconsin.
1923Oct 13Angora (Ankara) became Turkey’s capital.
1930Oct 13New German Reichstag opened with 107 Nazi Party members in uniform.
1931Oct 13Noel Coward’s “Cavalcade,” premiered in London.
1941Oct 13Nazis killed 11,000 Jewish children and old people.
1943Oct 13During World War II, Italy declared war on Germany, its one-time Axis partner.
1944Oct 13The US 1st army entered Aachen, Germany.
1945Oct 13Milton Hershey (b.1857), Philadelphia chocolate tycoon, died. In 2005 Michael D. Antonio authored “Hershey: Milton S. Hershey’s Extraordinary Life of Wealth, Empire and Utopian Dreams.”
1953Oct 13A burglar alarm using ultrasonic or radio waves was patented by Samuel Bagno.
1960Oct 13Opponents of Fidel Castro were executed in Cuba.
1963Oct 13“Beatlemania” was coined after Beatles appeared at Palladium
1966Oct 13173 US airplanes bombed North-Vietnam.
1969Oct 13Pres. Nixon ordered a worldwide “secret” nuclear alert to scare the Soviets into forcing concessions from North Vietnam. Nixon called that tactic a “madman strategy,” and it did not work.
1972Oct 13Aeroflot Il-62 crashed in large pond outside Moscow and 176 died.
1974Oct 13Television host Ed Sullivan died in New York City at age 72.
1981Oct 13Voters in Egypt elected Vice President Hosni Mubarak the new president in a referendum with a 98.5% vote, one week after the assassination of Anwar Sadat.
1982Oct 13The IOC restored 2 gold medals post mortem from the 1912 Olympics to Jim Thorpe (1888-1953).
1983Oct 13The Space Shuttle Challenger, carrying seven, the largest crew to date, landed safely at Kennedy Space Center in Florida.
1987Oct 13Costa Rican President Oscar Arias was named winner of the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts on behalf of a Central American peace plan to end the war in Nicaragua.
1988Oct 13Egyptian novelist Naguib Mahfouz was named recipient of the Nobel Prize for Literature.
1989Oct 13The Dow Jones Industrial Average plunged 190 points, triggering memories of the 1987 crash.
1990Oct 13At the start of a three-day conference in Jiddah, Saudi Arabia, the crown prince of Kuwait promised greater democracy for the emirate if it were freed from Iraqi occupation.
1992Oct 13Vice President Dan Quayle, Senator Al Gore and retired admiral James B. Stockdale clashed in a freewheeling vice-presidential debate in Atlanta.
1993Oct 13The Philadelphia Phillies won the National League pennant, defeating the Atlanta Braves in game six.
1994Oct 13Kenzabuto Oe, Japanese novelist, won the Noble prize for literature. His work included “An Echo of Heaven.”
1996Oct 13The Yankees won the American League pennant, defeating the Baltimore Orioles.
1997Oct 13In Quebec, Canada, a bus with 48 senior citizens overturned into a ravine near St. Joseph-de-la-Rive and 43 were killed.
1998Oct 13In Conyers, Ga., Nancy Fowler (47) spoke her message from Mary, the mother of Jesus, to a crowd of over 100,000 pilgrims. It was the last of seven years of messages that Fowler said she received from the Virgin Mary.
1999Oct 13Pres. Clinton proposed to place 40 million acres of federal forest beyond the reach of loggers, miners and road-builders. He urged the forest service to engage the public in how best to manage and conserve over 50 million acres of the last roadless tracts.
2000Oct 13The Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to Pres. Kim Dae Jung (74) of South Korea for his efforts to make peace with North Korea.
2001Oct 13The US confirmed that an errant 2,000-pound bomb hit residential buildings in Kabul and that 4 people were killed.
2002Oct 13The Anaheim Angels routed the Minnesota Twins 13-5 to win the American League Championship Series in five games.
2003Oct 13The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation said it was doubling to $200 million the prevention funds for HIV and AIDS in India.
2004Oct 13In Tempe, Ariz., Pres. Bush and Sen John Kerry held their 3rd and final debate trading blows on taxes, gun control, abortion and jobs, striving to cement impressions in voters’ minds in the run-up to Election Day.
2005Oct 13US intelligence officials announced the establishment of a National Clandestine Service to run CIA operations and coordinate activities with the Pentagon and FBI.
2006Oct 13Ohio Representative Bob Ney pleaded guilty in a federal court to conspiracy and making false statements as part of the Jack Abramoff lobbying scandal.
2007Oct 13US Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice, after meeting with human-rights activists in Moscow, told reporters the Russian government under Vladimir Putin had amassed so much central authority that the power-grab could undermine its commitment to democracy.
2008Oct 13In the SF Bay Area fire crews extinguished a fire that had begun a day earlier on Angel Island. All the historic buildings on the island were saved. The fire burned 400 of the island’s 740 acres.
2010Oct 13It was reported that officials in 50 US states and the District of Columbia have launched a joint investigation into allegations that mortgage companies mishandled documents and broke laws in foreclosing on hundreds of thousands of homeowners.
2011Oct 13In eastern Colorado a 5 children and man were killed when their van collided with a tractor-trailer.
2012Oct 13In northwestern China’s Gansu province Tamdrin Dorjee (52) died at the scene near Tsoe Monastery after setting himself on fire in protest of Chinese rule. Free Tibet said the man is the grandfather of the 7th Gungthang Rinpoche.
2013Oct 13Brazilian officials said at least 12 people were killed and six left missing when a boat carrying Catholic pilgrims capsized on the Amazon River.
2014Oct 13US Central Command said the US and Saudi Arabia launched eight airstrikes yesterday and today against Islamic State targets in Syria, including seven near Kobani.

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