Today in History

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Today in History

By Correspondent

YEARDAYEVENT
180CEMar 17Antonius Marcus Aurelius (58), [Marcus Verus], Emperor of Rome, died.
389Mar 17St. Patrick (d.461), the patron saint of Ireland, was born. Calpurnius, his father, was a deacon and local official who lost his son to Irish raiders when Patrick was 16. Patrick allegedly drove all the snakes (i.e. pagans) out of Ireland.
461Mar 17According to tradition, St. Patrick (b.c389), the patron saint of Ireland, died in Saul, County Down. Some sources say he died in 493AD. He was an English missionary and bishop of Ireland. In 2004 Philip Freeman authored “St. Patrick: A Biography.”
1190Mar 17Crusaders completed the massacre of Jews of York, England.
1516Mar 17Giuliano de’ Medici (37), monarch of Florence, died.
1753Mar 17The 1st official St Patrick’s Day was celebrated.
1756Mar 17St. Patrick’s Day was 1st celebrated in NYC at Crown & Thistle Tavern.
1762Mar 171st St Patrick’s Day parade was held in NYC.
1775Mar 17Richard Henderson, a North Carolina judge, representing the Transylvania Company, met with three Cherokee Chiefs (Oconistoto, chief warrior and first representative of the Cherokee Nation or tribe of Indians, and Attacuttuillah and Sewanooko) to purchase (for the equivalent of $50,000) all the land lying between the Ohio, Kentucky and Cumberland rivers; some 17 to 20 million acres. It was known as the Treaty of Sycamore Shoals or The Henderson Purchase. The purchase was later declared invalid but land cession was not reversed.
1776Mar 17British forces evacuated Boston to Nova Scotia during the Revolutionary War. In some of the bloodiest fighting of the Revolutionary War, American and French troops failed to take Savannah.
1780Mar 17Thomas Chalmers, 1st moderator (Free Church of Scotland 1843-47), was born.
1799Mar 17Napoleon Bonaparte and his army reached the Mediterranean seaport of St. Jean d’Acra, only to find British warships ready to break his siege of the town.
1800Mar 17English warship Queen Charlotte caught fire and 700 people died.
1828Mar 17Maj. Gen. Patrick R. Cleburne, the “Stonewall” of the West, was born.
1832Mar 17Daniel Conway Moncure, U.S. clergyman, author, abolitionist, was born.
1836Mar 17David G. Burnet (1788-1870) became interim president of Texas and continued to Oct 22, 1836. he became the second Vice President of the Republic of Texas (1839-41), and Secretary of State (1846) for the new state of Texas after it was annexed to the United States of America.
1837Mar 17Stephen Grover Cleveland was born in Caldwell, N.J. He was the 22nd (1885-1889) and 24th (1893-1897) president of the United States, the only President elected for two nonconsecutive terms.
1845Mar 17The rubber band was patented by Stephen Perry of London.
1846Mar 17Kate Greenway, painter and illustrator (Mother Goose), was born.
1860Mar 17The Japanese ship Kanrin Maru, under Admiral Yoshitake Kimura, entered the Golden Gate after a 37-day voyage, on a diplomatic mission to San Francisco. It was the first Japanese ship to cross the Pacific. 3 sailors died while the ship was in SF. It set sail to return to Japan on May 8.
1861Mar 17Victor Emmanuel, the King of Piedmont, Savoy, and Sardinia, proclaimed the foundation of the kingdom of Italy. The Risorgimento movement resulted in Italian unification. The Carbonari was a secret society in early 19th century Italy who advocated liberal and patriotic ideas and opposed the conservative regimes imposed on Italy by the Allies who had defeated Napoleon in 1815. As with other secret societies of the age, the Carbonari had an initiation ceremony, complex symbols and a hierarchical organization though its exact origins are left to conjecture. They recruited primarily among nobility, small landowners and officeholders and may have been an offshoot of the Freemasons. Their influence is credited with preparing the way for the Risorgimento movement.
1863Mar 17The Battle of Kelly’s Ford, Va., was fought.
1868Mar 17Postage stamp canceling machine patent was issued.
1870Mar 17The Massachusetts Legislature authorized the incorporation of Wellesley Female Seminary. It later became Wellesley College.
1874Mar 17Kincsem, a horse that never lost a race, was born.
1876Mar 17Gen. Crook destroyed Cheyenne and Ogallala-Sioux Indian camps.
1884Mar 17John Joseph Montgomery made the first glider flight in Otay, Calif.
1886Mar 17The Carrollton Massacre in Mississippi occurred and 20 African Americans were killed.
1891Mar 17The British steamer Utopia sank off the coast of Gibraltar.
1902Mar 17Bobby Jones was born. He was the first American golfer to win the U.S. and British championships in the same year in 1930.
1894Mar 17US and China signed a treaty preventing Chinese laborers from entering US.
1895Mar 17Shemp Howard, comedian (3 Stooges, Bank Dick), was born in Brooklyn.
1901Mar 17Eisaku Sato, premier of Japan (Nobel 1974), was born.
1905Mar 17Anna Eleanor Roosevelt, niece of President Theodore Roosevelt, married her fifth cousin, Franklin Delano Roosevelt in New York and by 1916, they had become the parents of six children.
1906Mar 17President Theodore Roosevelt first likened crusading journalists to a man with “the muck-rake in his hand” in a speech to the Gridiron Club in Washington, DC, as he criticized what he saw as the excesses of investigative journalism.
1910Mar 17The Camp Fire Girls organization was formed in Lake Sebago, Maine. It was formally presented to the public exactly two years later.
1914Mar 17Russia increased the number of active duty military from 460,000 to 1,700,000.
1917Mar 17Czar Michael abdicated after one day in favor of a provisional government under Prince George Evgenievich Lvov (55).
1919Mar 17Nat “King” Cole, American jazz pianist and singer, was born. He is famous for “Unforgettable” and “Mona Lisa.”
1920Mar 17John La Montaine, composer (Pulitzer 1959), was born in Oak Park, Ill.
1921Mar 17Dr Marie Stopes opened Britain’s 1st birth control clinic in London.
1924Mar 17Four Douglas army aircraft left Los Angeles for an around the world flight.
1929Mar 17General Motors purchased an 80% stake in Opel, a German car manufacturer, for $33.3 million. GM raised the stake to 100% in 1931.
1930Mar 17Mob boss Al Capone was released from jail.
1931Mar 17Stalin threw Krupskaja Lenin out of the Central Committee.
1932Mar 17German police raided Hitler’s Nazi headquarters.
1934Mar 17The Rome Protocols allied Hungary with Italy, Austria and Germany.
1935Mar 17Hitler reviewed the military parade in Berlin.
1937Mar 17Amelia Earhart took off from Oakland, Ca., in an attempt to become the first pilot to fly around the globe at the equator.
1938Mar 17Rudolf Nureyev, ballet dancer, choreographer (Kirov), was born in Russia.
1941Mar 17The National Gallery of Art opened in Washington, DC.
1942Mar 17John Wayne Gacy, serial killer (32 boys), was born in Chicago, Ill.
1943Mar 17The German occupation authority closed Lithuanian schools of higher education and the Academy of Education.
1944Mar 17Danny DeVito, actor (Louie-Taxi, Twins), was born in Neptune, NJ.
1945Mar 17Allied ships bombed North Sumatra.
1950Mar 17Scientists at the University of California at Berkeley announced they had created a new radioactive element, which they named “californium.”
1952Mar 17A US ban on the word “tornado” was lifted. The ban had started in 1886 when the US Army, which handled weather forecasting, determined that the harm done by predicting a tornado would be greater than that done by the tornado itself.
1956Mar 17Fred Allen (b.1894), American comedian (Fred Allen Radio Show), died.
1957Mar 17In the Philippines a plane crash on Mt. Manunggal in Cebu killed Pres. Ramon Magsaysay (b.1907). 25 of the 26 passengers and crew aboard were killed.
1958Mar 17The U.S. Navy launched the Vanguard 1 satellite.
1959Mar 17The USS Skate became the 1st submarine to surface at the North Pole. The ships crew held a funeral service and scattered the ashes of explorer Hubert Wilkins (d.1958), who had attempted the feat in 1931.
1960Mar 17Eisenhower formed anti-Castro-exile army under the CIA.
1961Mar 17The U.S. increased military aid and technicians to Laos.
1962Mar 17The Soviet Union asked the U.S. to pull out of South Vietnam.
1963Mar 17Eruptions of Mount Agung volcano on Bali killed 1,900 Balinese. The Agung eruption killed 1,184 people.
1966Mar 17A U.S. midget submarine located a missing hydrogen bomb which had fallen from an American bomber into the Mediterranean off Spain.
1968Mar 17A peaceful anti-Vietnam War protest in London was followed by a riot outside the US Embassy; more than 80 people were reported injured. Some 20,000 people at the Vietnam Solidarity Campaign in London were mowed down by police on horses as they marched.
1969Mar 17Golda Meir (d.1978) became the 4th prime minister of Israel. She held the office to 1974.
1970Mar 17The US Army charged 14 officers with suppression of facts in the My Lai massacre case.
1972Mar 17Nixon asked Congress to halt busing in order to achieve desegregation.
1973Mar 17Twenty people were killed in Cambodia when a bomb went off that was meant for the Cambodian President Lon Nol.
1974Mar 17Arab oil ministers, with the exception of Libya, announced the end the oil embargo on the US.
1978Mar 17In Zaire 13 opponents of Pres. Mobutu were executed.
1879Mar 17The US Supreme Court in Wilkerson v. Utah ruled that Utah could use a firing squad for capital punishment.
1980Mar 17The United States Refugee Act (Public Law 96-212) became effective. It was an amendment to the earlier Immigration and Nationality Act and the Migration and Refugee Assistance Act, and was created to provide a permanent and systematic procedure for the admission to the United States of refugees of special humanitarian concern to the US, and to provide comprehensive and uniform provisions for the effective resettlement and absorption of those refugees who are admitted.
 1985Mar 17President Reagan agreed to a joint study with Canada on acid rain.
1987Mar 17A US federal appeals court cleared the way for the perjury indictment of former White House aide Michael Deaver (b.1938). He was later convicted of three of five perjury counts and fined $100,000.
1988Mar 17Apple filed suit against Microsoft, alleging copyright infringement in the Windows GUI.
1989Mar 17The Senate unanimously confirmed Wyoming Congressman Dick Cheney to be secretary of defense, following the failed nomination of former Sen. John Tower.
1990Mar 17The president of Lithuania, Vytautas Landsbergis, rejected a deadline set by Moscow for renouncing the republic’s independence.
1991Mar 17Millions of people voted in a landmark referendum on whether to preserve the splintering Soviet Union.
1992Mar 17A truck bombing at the Israeli Embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina, killed 29 people. Iran denied any role. Hezbollah leader Imad Mughniyeh was suspected of involvement. Islamic Jihad claimed responsibility.
1993Mar 17Helen Hayes (92), the “First Lady of the American Theater,” died in Nyack, N.Y. Hayes quit the theater in 1971 due to severe asthma.
1994Mar 17Secretary of State Warren Christopher, just back from China, told a House subcommittee that reports the trip was a failure were “rather misleading,” and said Beijing had made “solid improvements” in areas of prison labor and immigration.
1995Mar 17The White House hosted a St. Patrick’s Day reception for Irish Prime Minister John Bruton which was attended by Sinn Fein leader Gerry Adams.
1996Mar 17The $16 mil Museum of Television and Radio was christened in Beverly Hills.
1997Mar 17Anthony Lake asked President Clinton to withdraw his nomination to be CIA director, saying the partisan confirmation process had “gone haywire.”
1998Mar 17In Alaska Jeff King battled through blowing snow and poor visibility to earn his third victory in the Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race.
1999Mar 17Instant replay was voted back in the NFL for the 1999 season.
2000Mar 17The United States lifted a ban on imports of Iranian luxury goods.
2001Mar 17Ray Rice, one of the founders of the Art and Architecture movement, died at age 85 in Mendocino. His work include 40 short films.
2002Mar 17After nearly a year’s run, Nathan Lane and Matthew Broderick left the Broadway hit musical “The Producers.” They later returned for a limited engagement.
2003Mar 17Pres. Bush gave Saddam Hussein 48 hours to go into exile or face military onslaught.
2004Mar 17Charles A. McCoy Jr., suspected in a series of highway shootings in central Ohio, was arrested in Las Vegas.
2005Mar 17US Congressional hearings began on steroid use among baseball players. Baseball players told Congress that steroids were a problem in the sport; stars Rafael Palmeiro and Sammy Sosa testified they hadn’t used them while Mark McGwire refused to say whether he had.
2006Mar 17A US federal appeals court blocked the Environmental Protection Agency from easing clean air rules on aging power plants, refineries and factories, one of the regulatory changes that had been among the top environmental priorities of the White House.
2007Mar 17An estimated 10-20 thousand protesters marched in Washington DC marking the 4th anniversary of the US invasion of Iraq and demanding an end to the war there.
2008Mar 17The US administration signed deals with Hungary, Lithuania and Slovakia paving the way for visa-free travel for their citizens despite concerns in Brussels over the bilateral agreements.
2009Mar 17New York Attorney General Andrew Cuomo said AIG, the troubled insurance giant, paid bonuses of $1 million or more to 73 employees, including 11 who no longer work for the company.
2010Mar 17US federal authorities won a court order requiring officials in the US Virgin Islands to repair sewage plants that have dumped raw waste at beaches renowned for snorkeling and surfing
2011Mar 17The US Justice Dept. accused the New Orleans Police Dept. of systematic misconduct that violated the Constitution. A report said officers had engaged in racial profiling against the city’s black majority from January 2009 to May 2010 and used deadly force against 27 people.
2012Mar 17NYC police broke up an Occupy Wall Street rally at Zucotti Park and detained 73 people.
2013Mar 17In Indiana a small plane crashed in South Bend killing 2 men including Steve Davis (60), former Oklahoma quarterback.
2014Mar 17The Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics announced that the BICEP2 team of scientists has spotted signs of gravitational waves that formed when the universe was but a trillionth of a second old. In 2015 the scientists retracted their findings.
   
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