Today in History

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Today in History

By Correspondent

Today in history
YEARDAYEVENT
924Apr 7Berengarius I, Emperor of Italy, was murdered.
1028Apr 7Pope Benedict VIII died.
1118Apr 7Pope Gelasius II excommunicated Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor.
1348Apr 7Prague Univ., the 1st in central Europe, was started by Charles IV.
1498Apr 7A crowd stormed Savonarola’s convent of San Marco in Florence, Italy.
1506Apr 7Francis Xavier, saint, Jesuit missionary to India, Malaya, and Japan, was born.
1521Apr 7Inquisitor-general Adrian Boeyens banned Lutheran books.
1534Apr 7Josr de Anchieta, Spanish Jesuit, missionary (Brazilian Tupi Indians), was born.
1613Apr 7Gerard Dou, Dutch painter (Night School), was born.
1614Apr 7El Greco (b.1541), born in Crete as Domenikos Theotocopoulos, died in Toledo, Spain. His paintings included “The Resurrection” (1597) and “View and Plan of Toledo” (1610-1614).
1625Apr 7Albrecht von Wallenstein was appointed German supreme commander.
1645Apr 7Michael Cardozo became the 1st Jewish lawyer in Brazil.
1652Apr 7The Dutch established settlement at Cape Town, South Africa.
1712Apr 7There was a slave revolt in New York City. A slave insurrection in New York City was suppressed by the militia and ended with the execution of 21 blacks. [see Jul 4]
1719Apr 7Jean-Baptiste de la Salle (67), French priest, explorer, saint, died.
1724Apr 7Johann S. Bach’s “St. John Passion” premiered in Leipzig.
1763Apr 7Domenico Dragonetti, composer, was born.
1768Apr 7Michel Mathieu (78), composer, died.
1770Apr 7William Wordsworth, English poet laureate, was born. He wrote “The Prelude” and “Lyrical Ballads.” In 1998 Kenneth R. Johnston published “The Hidden Wordsworth: Poet, Lover, Rebel, Spy.” The biography covered the first 30 years of the poet’s life. In 1896 Emile Legouis also published a biography of the poet’s youth. The poet was responsible for such phrases as: “love of nature,” “love of man,” and “emotion recollected in tranquility.”
1775Apr 7Francis C. Lowell was born. He founded the 1st raw cotton-to-cloth textile mill.
1794Apr 7In Poland at the battle of Raclawice the revolutionary forces of Tadeusz Kosciusko defeated the imperial armies.
1795Apr 7In the National Convention of Revolutionary France put into effect a new calendar system, similar to that of ancient Egypt. The year began with the autumn equinox, and had 360 days divided into twelve months of thirty days. Five extra days were placed at the end of the year. The months were divided into three 10 day groups. The day was divided into 10 new hours, each hour into 100 minutes, and each minute into 100 seconds.
1798Apr 7Territory of Mississippi was organized.
1803Apr 7Francois D. Toussaint L’Ouverture (Louverture), Haitian revolutionary, died in a dungeon at Fort Joux in the French Alps. In 2007 Madison Smartt Bell authored “Toussaint Louverture: A Biography.”
1805Apr 7The Lewis and Clark Corps of Discovery resumed their journey to the headwaters of the Missouri River.
1818Apr 7Gen. Andrew Jackson captured St. Marks, Fla., from the Seminole Indians.
1827Apr 7English chemist John Walker invented wooden matches.
1831Apr 7Pedro I of Brazil abdicated in favor of his 5-year-old son, Pedro de Alcantara, Pedro II.
1837Apr 7J. Pierpont Morgan (J.P. Morgan, d.1913), American financier, was born in Hartford, Conn. He later owned U.S. Steel and International Harvester. In 1999 Jean Strouse published the biography “Morgan: American Financier.”
1853Apr 7Dr. John Snow administered chloroform to Queen Victoria at the birth of her 8th child, Prince Leopold.
1858Apr 7Anton Diabelli (76), Austrian publisher, composer, died.
1859Apr 7Walter Camp, father of American football, was born in Connecticut.
1860Apr 7William Keith Kellogg, the brother of Dr. John Harvey Kellogg (1852-1943), was born. Will later founded the W.K. Kellogg company in Battle Creek, Mich., to market the cornflakes invented by his older brother
1862Apr 7Union forces led by Gen. Ulysses S. Grant defeated the Confederates at the battle of Shiloh in Tennessee. Gen. Ulysses Grant after the Battle of Shiloh said: “I saw an open field… so covered with dead that it would have been possible to walk across… in any direction, stepping on dead bodies without a foot touching the ground.” More than 9,000 Americans died.
1863Apr 7Battle of Charleston, SC. The Federal fleet attack on Fort Sumter failed.
1865Apr 7Battle of Farmville, VA.
1888Apr 7Start of Sherlock Holmes adventure “Yellow Face.”
1890Apr 7Marjory Stoneman Douglas, environmentalist (1st Lady of Everglades), was born.
1891Apr 7Nebraska introduced an 8 hour work day.
1893Apr 7Allan W. Dulles, US diplomat, CIA head (1953-61) (Germany’s Underground), was born.
1897Apr 7Walter Winchell, American newscaster and newspaper columnist, was born in Harlem, NYC.
1902Apr 7The Texas Fuel Co. was founded. It soon changed its name to the Texas Co. and eventually became Texaco.
1908Apr 7Percy Faith, conductor (Summer Place), was born.
1913Apr 7The suffragists’ marched to the Capitol in Washington, D.C. By the second decade of the 20th century, woman suffrage–women’s right to vote–had become an issue of national importance in America. The growth in the numbers of American working women and the valuable contributions women made in war production during World War I further increased the suffragists’ support. On August 20, 1919, the 19th Amendment to the Constitution was ratified, giving women the right to vote.
1914Apr 7British House of Commons passed the Irish Home Rule Bill.
1915Apr 7Billie Holliday, jazz and blues legend, was born. She sang “God Bless the Child.”
1917Apr 7De Falla’s ballet “El Sombrero de tres Picos,” premiered in Madrid.
1920Apr 7Ravi Shankar, sitar player, was born in Benares, India.
1922Apr 7U.S. Secretary of Interior leased Naval Reserve #3, “Teapot Dome,” in Wyoming to Harry F. Sinclair.
1923Apr 7The Workers Party of America in NYC became an official communist party.
1926Apr 7In San Luis Obispo, Ca., lightning sparked a 5-day oil fire killing 2 people. Over 6 million barrels of oil were burned. Final damages were estimated at $15 million.
1927Apr 7Secretary of Commerce Herbert Hoover was on hand for the first inter-city (DC to Manhattan) transmission by telephone of video imagery. Hoover’s image and voice were transmitted across telephone lines.
1928Apr 7James Garner, actor (Rockford Files, Bret Maverick), was born in Norman, Okla.
1931Apr 7Donald Barthelme (d.1989), US writer, was born in Philadelphia.
1932Apr 7Erv A. Kelley, US policeman, was shot to death by Pretty Boy Floyd.
1933Apr 7The 1st two Nazi anti-Jewish laws barred Jews from legal and public service.
1934Apr 7In India, Mahatma Gandhi suspended his campaign of civil disobedience.
1938Apr 7[Edmund G] Jerry Brown Jr, (Gov-D-Cal, Mayor of Oakland), was born.
1939Apr 7Francis Ford Coppola, director (Godfather, Apocalypse Now), was born in Detroit.
1942Apr 7There was a heavy German assault on Malta.
1943Apr 7The NFL adopted its free substitution rule.
1945Apr 7During World War II, American planes intercepted a Japanese fleet that was headed for Okinawa on a suicide mission. The Japanese battleship Yamato, the world’s largest battleship, was sunk during the battle for Okinawa along with 4 Japanese destroyers.
1947 Apr 7Arab students, influenced by national socialist movements in Europe, founded the Baath Party. Satia al-Husri, father of Ba’athism, was a disciple of German philosopher Johann Fichte. This became a holiday in Iraq until abolished in 2003.
1948Apr 7The World Health Organization (WHO) was founded by the UN. In 1948, the First World Health Assembly called for the creation of a “World Health Day” to mark the founding of the World Health Organization. Since 1950, World Health Day has been celebrated on the 7th of April annually.
1949Apr 7The Rodgers and Hammerstein musical “South Pacific” opened on Broadway at the Majestic Theater for 1928 performances.
1951Apr 7Janis Ian, [Janis Eddy Fink], lesbian, folk rocker, was born in NYC.
1953Apr 7The U.N. General Assembly elected Dag Hammarskjold (1905-1961) as Secretary-General of the UN.
1954Apr 7Pres. Eisenhower spoke at a press conference about why we needed to protect Vietnam and mentioned his fear of a “domino-effect” in Indochina.
1955Apr 7Theda Bara (Theodosia Goodman), silent screen sex symbol, died. Her films included “A Fool There Was” and “Kathleen Mavoureen.”
1957Apr 7The last of New York City’s electric trolleys completed its final run from the city’s borough of Queens to Manhattan.
1958Apr 7Anti-nuclear peace protesters arrived at the Atomic Weapons Establishment near Aldermaston, England, after marching for several days from London.
1959Apr 7Oklahoma ended prohibition after 51 years.
1961Apr 7Tad Szulc (d.2001) wrote a front page NY Times article on anti-Castro forces training to fight at Florida bases and predicted a probable invasion on April 18. The invasion took place Apr 17.
1963Apr 7Yugoslavia proclaimed itself a Socialist republic.
1964Apr 7IBM introduced its innovative System/360, the company’s first line of compatible mainframe computers that gave customers the option of upgrading from lower-cost models to more powerful, expensive ones..
1966 Apr 7The United States recovered a hydrogen bomb it had lost off the coast of Spain.
1967Apr 7A, Israeli-Syrian minor border incident escalated into a full-scale aerial battle over the Golan Heights, resulting in the loss of six Syrian MiG-21s to Israeli Air Force (IAF) Dassault Mirage IIIs, and the latter’s flight over Damascus.
1969Apr 7The US Supreme Court in Stanley v. Georgia unanimously struck down laws prohibiting private possession of obscene material.
1970Apr 7In the 42nd Academy Awards in Los Angeles “Midnight Cowboy” won for best picture, John Wayne for best actor (True Grit) and Maggie Smith for best actress (The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie).
1971Apr 7Pres. Nixon ordered Lt. Calley, imprisoned for the Mi Lai massacre, free.
1972Apr 7Sheik Abeid Amane Karume, Zanzibari vice-president of the republic of Tanzania, was assassinated.
1976Apr 7China’s leadership deposed Deputy Prime Minister Deng Xiaoping and appointed Hua Kuo-feng (Guofeng) prime minister and first deputy chairman of the Communist Party.
1977Apr 7Pres. Carter stopped the reprocessing of used nuclear fuel rods in order to discourage the proliferation of nuclear weapons.
1978Apr 7President Carter announced he was deferring development of the neutron bomb, a high-radiation weapon.
1980Apr 7The US broke relations with Iran during the hostage crises. Pres. Carter ordered all Iranian diplomats expelled from the US and prohibited any further exports to the nation. Pres. Carter signed Executive Order 12205 for economic sanctions against Iran.
1982Apr 7In the SF Bay Area an AC Transit bus clipped a stalled car and then struck a double-tanker truck that jack-knifed and erupted in the Caldecott Tunnel. The resulting fireball left 7 people dead.
1983Apr 7Specialist Story Musgrave and Don Peterson took the first US space walk in almost a decade as they worked in the open cargo bay of Challenger for nearly four hours.
1984Apr 7Frank Church (b.1924), Sen-D-Idaho, (1957-81), died.
1986Apr 7Dimitris Angelopoulos (79), a Greek industrialist, was killed by Nov. 17 militants. In 2003 Patroklos Tselentis testified that he drove the getaway motorcycle.
1987Apr 7Chicago Mayor Harold Washington handily won a second term, quashing a challenge by archrival Edward Vrdolyak.
1988Apr 7Albie Sachs (b.1935) was working in Mozambique on legal guarantees that would be part of the new South African Constitution when a car bomb exploded that left him without a right arm.
1989Apr 7A week after the Exxon Valdez oil spill disaster, President Bush pledged federal assistance to help in the clean-up.
1990Apr 7An arson fire aboard a ferry enroute from Norway to Denmark killed 159 people.
1991Apr 7US military planes began airdropping supplies to Kurdish refugees who were facing starvation and exposure in the snow-covered mountains of northern Iraq. The United States warned Iraq not to interfere with the relief effort.
1992Apr 7Democrat Bill Clinton swept the New York, Kansas and Wisconsin primaries.
1993Apr 7European warplanes began arriving in Italy, prepared to enforce a no-fly zone over Bosnia-Herzegovina.
1994Apr 7Angelus Gottfried “Golo” Mann (85), German-US historian, died.
1995Apr 7President Clinton threatened to veto a lengthy list of bills passed by the Republican-controlled House if they were not modified in the Senate.
1996Apr 7Monica Lewinsky informed pres. Clinton that she was to be transferred from the White House. He promised to bring her back following the elections and they had another sexual encounter.
1997Apr 7In Columbia prisoners took over a 1,200 inmate facility in Bucaramanga, the 3rd prison to be seized in a week.
1998Apr 7President Clinton held a town meeting in Kansas City, Mo., on the future of Social Security
1999Apr 7In Kentucky 2 volunteer firefighters, Kenneth Nickell (28) and Kevin Smith (30), were killed while battling a blaze at the Daniel Boone National Forest.
2000Apr 7Pres. Clinton signed a bill to allow people aged 65-70 to earn as much as they can without losing Social Security benefits.
2001Apr 7In Cincinnati Timothy Thomas (19), an unarmed black man wanted on 14 misdemeanor warrants, was fatally shot by a white police officer. The shooting led to city-wide riots. Officer Stephen Roach was later charged with negligent homicide and obstructing official business.
2002Apr 7Pres. Bush ended weekend talks with Britain’s PM Tony Blair in Texas. Blair said he would back a US military action against Iraq.
2003Apr 7The US Supreme Court voted 6-3 to uphold a 50-year-old Virginia law making it a crime to burn a cross as an act of intimidation.
2004Apr 7Citizens Against Government Waste (CAGW) issued its latest “Pig Book,” an exposition of “improper of unnecessary” US federal expenditures.
2005Apr 7Pres. Bush met with Premier Berlusconi and Pres. Ciampi one day after viewing the pope’s body at the Vatican.
2006Apr 7The US Court of International Law ruled that US Customs violated a provision of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in applying a law known as the Byrd amendment to antidumping and countervailing duties on goods from Canada and Mexico.
2007Apr 7Thousands of people marched through downtown Los Angeles, demanding a way for the country’s estimated 12 million illegal immigrants to become citizens and condemning President Bush’s latest proposal.
2008Apr 7The Washington Post won 6 Pulitzer Prizes, the most in its history. Junot Diaz won the fiction award for “The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao.” Tracy Letts won the drama award for “August: Osage County.” Bob Dylan won a special citation for his life’s work.
2009Apr 7US military leaders said the Pentagon has spent over $100 million in the past 6 months responding to and repairing damage from cyber attacks and other computer network problems.
2010Apr 7An Emeryville, Ca., drug analysis laboratory was raided as part of 3-year DEA investigation dubbed “Operation Lude Behavior.” 3 men at the lab were among 22 charged in a nationwide Quaalude trafficking ring.
2011Apr 7In California an Asian citrus psyllid, which can carry a disease killing trees, was discovered in Ventura County. The county was put under quarantine for the tiny aphid-like pest.
2012Apr 7In the SF Bay Area the town of Hercules, population 24,000, was reported to have recently sold a pair of 4-story, half-finished apartment buildings for 425,000. The city had already sunk 38 million into the project, which it could not sustain.
2013Apr 7In California it was made public that a federal magistrate has ruled that federal authorities broke the law when they leased land to oil drillers without studying the possible risks of hydraulic fracturing.
2014Apr 7The US approved a bill barring Iranian diplomat Hamid Abutalebi from entering the country. Officials objected to his selection as Iran’s new UN ambassador because of his alleged participation in a Muslim student group that held 52 Americans hostage in the 1979 seizure of the US Embassy in Tehran.
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