Today in History

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Today in History

By Correspondent

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YEARDAYEVENT
44BCMar 15Roman Emperor Julius Caesar (b.100BC) was murdered by Brutus, Cassius and other conspirators on the Ides of March. Caesar had defeated Pompey in battle and had Pompey murdered in 48BCE. He was perceived as a big threat to the Roman Aristocracy and so his murder was supported by Cicero and most Romans. In 2006 Adrian Goldsworthy authored “Caesar: Life of a Colossus.”
493Mar 15Theodoric the Great beat Odoacer of Italy. Odoacer, German army leader, King of Italy (476-93), died.
933Mar 15Henry the Fowler routed the raiding Magyars at Merseburg, Germany.
963Mar 15Romanus II (25), Byzantine emperor (959-63), died.
1360Mar 15French invasion army landed on English south coast and conquered Winchel.
1382Mar 15Conservative “Popolo Grasso” regained power in Florence, Italy.
1391Mar 15A Jew-hating monk in Seville, Spain, stirred up a mob to attack Jews.
1493Mar 15Christopher Columbus returned to Spain, concluding his first voyage to the Western Hemisphere.
1521Mar 15Ferdinand Magellan discovered the Philippine Islands, where he was killed by natives the following month.
1580Mar 15Spanish king Philip II put 25,000 gold coins on head of Prince William of Orange.
1626Mar 15In Bolivia the Potosi (San Ildefonso) dam collapsed. It was one of the major hydraulic disasters in the world with some 4,000 human lives lost.
1672Mar 15England’s King Charles II enacted a 2nd Declaration of Indulgence.
1713Mar 15Nicolas Louis de Lacaille, astronomer who mapped the Southern Hemisphere, was born.
1767Mar 15Andrew Jackson (d.1845), seventh President of the United States known as “Old Hickory,” was born in Waxhaw, South Carolina. The first American president to be born in a log cabin, Jackson was a hero of the War of 1812, an Indian fighter and a Tennessee lawyer. Neither a particularly intelligent man nor a wise one, Jackson became the symbol of his age by being the right man believing in the right things at the right time. Success was a race, Jackson believed, and the government’s primary responsibility was to guarantee that every man got a fair chance at winning. Jackson’s administration (1829-37) saw the development of modern-style political parties and changes in the voting laws that nearly tripled the electorate. He died June 8, 1845. In 1997 Max Byrd wrote “Jackson,” a biographical novel.
1778Mar 15Nootka Sound, Vancouver Island, was discovered by Captain Cook.
1781Mar 15Gen. Nathanael Greene engaged British forces under Cornwallis at Guilford Court-House, North Carolina. Greene retreated after inflicting severe casualties on Cornwallis’ army.
1808Mar 15Gaetano Gaspari, composer, was born.
1809Mar 15Joseph Jenkins Roberts, first president of Liberia, was born.
1813Mar 15John Snow (d.1858), obstetrician, was born in York, England. He worked on the epidemiology of cholera.
1820Mar 15Maine, a province of Massachusetts since 1647, became the 23rd state. Maine entered the Union as a free state and helped maintain the balance in the US Senate, that would have been disrupted by the entrance of Missouri Territory into the Union as a slave state.
1821Mar 15Josef Loschmidt (d.1895), a pioneer of 19th-century physics and chemistry, was born in Putschim (Pocerny), Bohemia. In his first publication (1861) Loschmidt proposed the first structural chemical formulae for many important molecules, introducing markings for double and triple carbon bonds. In 1865 he became the first person to use the kinetic theory of gases to obtain a reasonably good value for the diameter of a molecule. What we call “Avogadro’s number” is, in German-speaking countries, called “Loschmidt’s number.”
1842Mar 15Maria Luigi rule began in front of the national museum in Budapest. This was later remembered as a national holiday.
1854Mar 15Emil von Behring Cherubini (81), Italian composer (Dies Irae), died.
1848Mar 15In Hungary an uprising against Habsburg, first recipient of the Nobel Prize for medicine in 1901, was born.
1855Mar 15Louisiana established the 1st health board to regulate quarantine.
1862Mar 15General John Hunt Morgan began four days of raids near the city of Gallatin, Tenn. “The Yankees will never take me a prisoner again,” vowed Confederate General John Hunt Morgan.
1864Mar 15Red River Campaign began as the Union forces reached Alexandria, La.
1865Mar 15Lincoln delivered his Second Inaugural Address. In 2002 Ronald C. White Jr. authored “Lincoln’s Greatest Speech: The Second Inaugural.”
1869Mar 15Cincinnati Red Stockings became the 1st pro baseball team.
1874Mar 15Harold L. Ickes, New Deal politician, was born.
1875Mar 15John McCloskey, Roman Catholic archbishop of New York, was named the first American cardinal by Pope Pius IX.
 1892Mar 15New York State unveiled the new automatic ballot voting machine.
1895Mar 15Fridtjof Nansen and Hjalmar Johansen left their ship Fram in an attempt to reach the North Pole by dogsled. [see Jun 17, 1896]
1903Mar 15The British completed the conquest of Nigeria, 500,000 square miles are now controlled by the United Kingdom.
1904Mar 15Three hundred Russians were killed as the Japanese shelled Port Arthur in Korea.
1905Mar 15Berthold Schenck von Stauffenberg was born. He later attempted to assassinate Hitler.
1907Mar 15-1907 Mar 16Finland held elections and Finnish women became the first in the world to attain full political rights.
1908Mar 151st performance of Maurice Ravel’s “Rhapsodie Espagnole.”
1909Mar 15Italy proposed a European conference on the Balkans.
1912Mar 15Yuan Shih-kai succeeded Sun Yat-sen as President of the Republic of China.
1913Mar 15President Wilson met with reporters for what’s been described as the first presidential press conference. Some sources say Wilson’s first actual press conference was a week later.
1915Mar 15Thomas Robert Bard (b.1841), US Republican Senator from Ventura, California (1900-1905), died. In 1871 he laid out the town of Hueneme and built a wharf there. Bard was born in Chambersburg, Pa., and came to California in 1864.
1916Mar 15General Pershing and his 15,000 troops chased Pancho Villa into Mexico. US troops pursued the guerillas, killing 50 on US soil and 70 more in Mexico. General Pershing failed to capture the Villa dead or alive. Villa was assassinated at Parral in 1923.
1917Mar 15Nicholas II, last Russian tsar, said he will abdicate.
1918Mar 15Richard Ellmann, US literary scholar, writer (Oscar Wilde), was born.
1919Mar 15-17The American Legion was founded in Paris by members of the American Expeditionary Force.
1922Mar 15France was willing to accept raw material instead of currency for German reparations.
1923Mar 15Lenin was felled by his 3rd stroke.
1924Mar 15Sweden recognized the USSR
1928Mar 15Nicolas Flagello, composer, was born.
1930Mar 15The USS Nautilus, the 1st streamlined submarine of US Navy, was launched.
1933Mar 15Ruth Bader Ginsberg, U.S. Supreme Court Justice, was born.
1934Mar 15Henry Ford restored the $5 a day wage.
1935Mar 15Joseph Goebbels, German Minister of Propaganda banned four Berlin newspapers.
1937Mar 15The 1st state contraceptive clinic opened in Raleigh, NC.
1939Mar 15Germany occupied Bohemia and Moravia, Czechoslovakia.  Slovakia  became independent
1940Mar 15Reichsmarshal Herman Goering said 100-200 church bells are enough for Germany and smelted the rest.
1941Mar 15Philippine Airlines maid its maiden flight from Manila to Baguio.
1942Mar 15Alexander van Zemlinsky (70), Austrian-US composer (African Dance), died.
1943Mar 15In Thessaloniki, Greece, occupying German forces began founding up the first batch of Jews in Eleftherias (Freedom) Square. By August 1943, 46,091 Jews had been deported to Auschwitz-Birkenau. Of those, 1,950 survived.
1944Mar 15Otto von Below (86), German commandant (WW I), died.
1945Mar 15Pierre Drieu La Rochelle (b.1893), a well-known French collaborationist and fascist writer, committed suicide.
1946Mar 15British premier Attlee agreed with India’s right to independence.
1949Mar 15Almost four years after the end of World War II, clothes rationing in Great Britain ends.
1950Mar 15“Consul” opened at Barrymore Theater in NYC
1951Mar 15Persia nationalized the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company.
1954Mar 15The “CBS Morning Show” premiered with Walter Cronkite (1916-2009) and Jack Paar (1918-2004).
1955Mar 15The U.S. Air Force unveiled a self-guided missile.
1956Mar 15The Lerner and Loewe musical “My Fair Lady” opened starring Julie Andrews and Rex Harrison at the Mark Hellinger Theater in NYC for 2,715 performances.
1957Mar 15Burton Abbot was executed for the 1955 abduction and killing of 14-year-old Stephanie Bryan.
1960Mar 15Ten nations met in Geneva to discuss disarmament.
1961Mar 15In San Francisco a 12-ton statue of St. Francis, created by Benny Bufano, was removed from the front of St. Francis of Assisi Church at 610 Vallejo St. and taken to Oakland.
1962Mar 15Richard Rodger’s musical “No Strings,” premiered in NYC for 580 performances.
1964Mar 15Cambodia was receiving military aid from Communist China.
1965Mar 15T.G.I. Friday’s 1st restaurant opened in NYC.
1966Mar 15Abe Saperstein, founder of the Harlem Globetrotters, died.
1967Mar 15LBJ named Ellsworth Bunker as the new ambassador to Saigon, South Vietnam. Bunker replaced Lodge.
1968Mar 15The U.S. mint halted the practice of buying and selling gold.
1969Mar 15A violent Chinese-Russian border dispute left 100s dead.
1970Mar 15“Purlie” opened at Broadway Theater in NYC. In December it moved to the Winter Garden Theater and in March 1971 to the ANTA Playhouse where it closed in November after a total of 688 performances.
1974Mar 15In Brazil General Ernesto Geisel (1907-1996) became president and ruled for 5 years. He gradually ended political repression, lifted press censorship and allowed political exiles to return. Under his rule the foreign debt doubled to $43 billion.
1975Mar 15Ted Bundy victim Julie Cunningham (26) disappeared from Vail, Colo.
1977Mar 15The U.S. House of Representatives began a 90-day test to determine the feasibility of showing its sessions on television.
1979Mar 15In Brazil Gen. Joao Baptista Figueiredo (d.1999 at 81) began serving as president and continued to 1985. Aureliano Chaves (d.2003 at 74) served as VP. Figueiredo was the last of 5 generals to rule during the 1964-1985 dictatorship. He oversaw the transition to democracy begun by his predecessor Ernesto Geisel. Inflation during his rule rose from 43% a year to 230% a year when he left office.
1981Mar 15Rene Clair (b.1898), French director (It Happened Tomorrow), died.
1982Mar 15Actress Theresa Saldana (b.1954) was stalked and stabbed by Arthur Jackson. She had starred in Martin Scorsese’s 1980 film “Raging Bull.” Jackson was convicted of 2nd degree attempted murder and served 12 years. He was then extradited to England for wounding 2 tellers and killing a man who tried to stop a bank robbery in the Chelsea section of London in 1966. In 1994 Ronald Markman and Ron Labrecque authored “Obsessed: The Stalking of Theresa Soldana.”
1983Mar 15World Consumer Rights Day (WCRD) was first observed. US President John F Kennedy gave an address to Congress on March 15, 1962, in which he formally addressed the issue of consumer rights. He was the first world leader to do so.
1984Mar 15The acquittal of a Miami police officer on charges of negligently killing a ghetto youth sparked a rampage by angry blacks in Miami; 550 people were arrested.
1986Mar 15The AMA ruled that euthanasia was ethical on coma patients.
1987Mar 15“Starlight Express” by Andrew Lloyd Weber, opened at Gershwin Theater in NYC for 761 performances. The initial production had opened at the Apollo Victoria Theatre in London on March 27 1984.
1988Mar 15Paul Simon defeated Jesse Jackson in the Illinois Democratic primary, while George Bush won a ringing victory over Bob Dole in the Republican contest.
1989Mar 15Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev convened a two-day meeting of the Communist Party’s Central Committee to decide on agricultural reforms.
1990Mar 15Iraq executed London-based journalist Farzad Bazoft, claiming he was a spy.
1991Mar 15An indictment was unsealed in Los Angeles, charging four police officers with beating black motorist Rodney King.
1992Mar 15Democratic presidential candidates debated in Chicago, criticizing President George H.W. Bush’s handling of the Persian Gulf War and its aftermath, and clashing over economic issues.
1993Mar 15Searchers found the body of the sixth and last missing victim of the World Trade Center bombing in New York.
1994Mar 15Illinois Congressman Dan Rostenkowski, chairman of the House Ways and Means Committee, defeated four Democratic primary challengers in his bid for re-election.
1995Mar 15President Clinton issued an executive order formally blocking a $1 billion contract between Conoco and Iran to develop a huge offshore oil tract in the Persian Gulf.
1996Mar 15Helen Chadwick (42), British artist, died.
1997Mar 15An art show that featured 13 oil paintings by Dr. Kevorkian opened in Royal Oak, Mich. They depicted severed heads, moldering skulls and rotting corpses.
1998Mar 15CBS’ “60 Minutes” aired an interview with former White House employee Kathleen Willey, who said President Clinton had made unwelcome sexual advances toward her in the Oval Office in 1993, a charge denied by the president.
1999Mar 15Bruce Springsteen, Paul McCartney, Billy Joel and Dusty Springfield were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.
2000Mar 15Paleontologist Daniel Gebo announced the discovery of bones from 2 tiny primates, the size of a human thumb, that lived 42 million years ago in Shanghuang, China.
2001Mar 15Federal authorities confirmed that remains found on a Texas ranch were those of missing atheist leader Madalyn Murray O’Hair and two of her relatives. David Waters, the key suspect in the slayings, was sentenced to 20 years in prison on a federal extortion charge in connection with the case.
 2002Mar 15Disney opened its new $532.9 million movie-themed park adjacent to Disneyland Paris.
2003Mar 15Many thousands of anti-war demonstrators marched in SF, Washington DC and around the world against plans for a war with Iraq.
2004Mar 15The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inducted Prince, Bob Seger, Jackson Browne and George Harrison along with ZZ Top, Traffic and the Dells.
2005Mar 15The US charged 18 people with a scheme to smuggle shoulder-fired missiles and other military gear from former Soviet states. One person was still at large.
2006Mar 15The US FCC proposed a record fine of $3.6 million against dozens of CBS stations and affiliates in a crackdown on indecent television programming.
2007Mar 15In the US Senate Republicans easily turned back Democratic legislation requiring a troop withdrawal from Iraq to begin within 120 days.
2008Mar 15In NYC an apartment building on Manhattan’s East Side was crushed in a giant crane collapse that killed 7 people and injured 17.
2009Mar 15Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke said America’s recession “probably” will end this year if the government succeeds in bolstering the banking system.
2010Mar 15Honda Motor Co. notified the NHTSA it will recall 410,000 Odyssey minivans and Element small trucks, from the 2007-2008 model years, due to braking system problems.
2011Mar 15In California Evan O’Dorney (17) of Danville beat 39 other finalists to win the Intel Science Talent Search. His mathematics entry was titled “Continued Fraction Convergents and Linear fractional transformations.”
2012Mar 15In New Hampshire a federal judge declared a mistrial in the case of Beatrice Munyenyezi, a Rwanda woman who became a citizen in 2003. She was accused of lying to obtain her citizenship by denying her role in the 1994 Rwanda genocide.
2013Mar 15Defense Secretary Chuck Hagel said the US is deploying 14 new ground-based missile interceptors in Alaska to counter renewed nuclear threats from North Korea and Iran. Hagel also said the US would shift some “resources,” which he didn’t specify, from the delayed Aegis anti-missile program in Europe.
Source: Timelines of History     

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