1909        Pope Pius X lifted the church ban on interfaith marriages in Hungary.  1917        Ferdinand von Zeppelin (78), Dutch count, air pioneer, died. 1921        Spanish Premier Eduardo Dato was assassinated while leaving Parliament in Madrid.  1930        Mahatma Gandhi started civil disobedience in India. 1934        Edwin Hubble photo showed as many galaxies as Milky Way has stars. 1935        In San Francisco a boxing match between Joe Lewis and Red Barry was stopped after Barry collapsed under punches from Lewis. Close to 8,000 fans watched the bout at Dreamland where Lewis won close to $3,650 with Barry getting about $1,200. 1961        Max Conrad circled the globe in a record time of eight days, 18 hours and 49 minutes in Piper Aztec.  1964        Malcolm X left the Black Muslim Movement. 1971        Joe Frazier fought Muhammad Ali for the heavyweight championship. Frazier won. They fought rematches in 1974 and 1975. In 2001 Mark Kram authored “Ghosts of Manila,” and account of the Frazier-Ali boxing matches. 1990        NYC’s Zodiac killer shoot his 1st victim, Mario Orosco. Orozco survived a bullet lodged near his spine. 2003        Michael Moore won best original screenplay for “Bowling for Columbine” in the 55th annual Writer’s Guild Awards. 2004       Abul Abbas (56), the Palestinian who planned the 1985 hijacking of the Achille Lauro passenger ship in which a wheelchair-bound American tourist was killed and thrown overboard, died of natural causes in Baghdad while in U.S. custody. 2005        Kosovo’s PM Ramush Haradinaj resigned after being indicted by the U.N. war crimes tribunal for his alleged part in atrocities during the fight against Serb forces. 2007        Dr. Martin Wikelski of Princeton Univ. along with colleagues proposed a satellite tracking system, the International Cooperation for Animal Research Using Space (ICARUS), based on one gram transmitters for the study of animal behavior. 2008        Serbian PM Vojislav Kostunica announced his resignation, saying his government was no longer functioning because of disunity in the coalition. 2009        Kim Jong Il was unanimously re-elected to North Korea’s rubber-stamp parliament. Outside observers watched closely for hints leader Kim Jong Il may be grooming a successor. 2011        Iran’s former President Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani lost his position as the head of a powerful clerical body charged with choosing or dismissing Iran’s supreme leader. 2012        Libyan militias, who helped oust Moamer Kadhafi, promised to turn over to the interim government strategic sites, such as airports and border crossings, that they have held since capturing them in last year’s uprising.

2012        In Nigeria a British-Nigerian operation involving 100 troops, military trucks and a helicopter attempted to rescue a pair of British and Italian hostages. At least two hostage-takers were killed in the operation in Sokoto. Italian engineer Franco Lamolinara (48) and his British colleague Chris McManus (28) were shot by their captors. Italy’s PM Monti was only informed by Britain’s PM Cameron once the operation was under way. The two hostages were kidnapped by heavily armed men who stormed their apartment in Kebbi state in May 2011. Nigerian authorities detained five Islamist militants suspected of involvement in the kidnapping. 2014        The Israeli pacifist group Yesh Gvul (There is a limit) published a letter by a group of 50 Israeli teenagers informing PM Benjamin Netanyahu they will refuse to serve in the military because of its role in the occupation of Palestinian land.