Today in HISTORY

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YEARDAYEVENT
79CEAug 25Gaius Plinius Secundus, [Plinius Maior], Roman admiral, writer, died in the eruption of Mount Vesuvius.
325Aug 25Council of Nicaea ended with adoption of the Nicene Creed establishing the doctrine of the Holy Trinity. The Council also decreed that priests cannot marry after their ordination.
383Aug 25Flavius Gratianus (25), Emperor of Rome (375-383), was murdered.
882Aug 25Louis III (19), King of France (879-82), died.
1212Aug 25Children’s crusaders under Nicolas (10) reached Genoa.
1330Aug 25Anti-Pope Nicolaas V overthrew himself.
1425Aug 25Countess Jacoba of Bavaria escaped from jail.
1499Aug 25Battle at Sapienza: An Ottoman fleet beat Venetians.
1540Aug 25Explorer Hernando de Alarcon traveled up the Colorado River.
1566Aug 25Iconoclastic fury began in the Dutch province of Utrecht. Fanatical Calvinists instigated religious riots in the Netherlands.
1580Aug 25Spain defeated Portugal in the Battle of Alcantara.
1628Aug 25There was as assault on sultan of Mantarams of Batavia (the former name of Djakarta, Indonesia).
1689Aug 25The Iroquois took Montreal.
1698Aug 25Czar Peter the Great returned to Moscow after his trip through West-Europe.
1718Aug 25Hundreds of French colonists arrived in Louisiana, with some of them settling in present-day New Orleans.
1758Aug 25The Prussian army defeated the invading Russians at the Battle of Zorndorf. Thousands were killed.
1765Aug 25In protest over the stamp tax, American colonists sacked and burned the home of Massachusetts governor Thomas Hutchinson. In 1774 he was exiled to Britain. In 1974 Bernard Bailyn authored “The Ordeal of Thomas Hutchinson.”
1789Aug 25Mary Ball Washington, mother of George, died.
1802Aug 25Toussaint L’Ouverture was imprisoned in Fort de Joux, Jura, France.
1804Aug 25In England Alice Meynell became the 1st woman jockey.
1814Aug 25British forces destroyed the Library of Congress, containing some 3,000 books.
1825Aug 25Uruguay declared its independence from Brazil.
1829Aug 25Pres. Jackson made an offer to buy Texas, but the Mexican government refused.
1835Aug 25Ann Rutledge (22), said to be Lincoln’s true love, died in Ill.
1836Aug 25Bret Harte (d.1902), American author and journalist (Outcasts of Poker Flat), was born in Albany, NY. “The only sure thing about luck is that it will change.”
1857Aug 25The California gold rush town of Columbia burned down in a 2nd fire that was blamed on a Chinese cook. Miners soon evicted all Chinese from the town.
1862Aug 25Union and Confederate troops skirmished at Waterloo Bridge, Virginia, during the Second Bull Run Campaign.
1864Aug 25A combination rail and ferry service became available from SF to Alameda, Ca.
1867Aug 25Michael Faraday (b.1791), discoverer of electromagnetic induction (1831), died. In 2004 James Hamilton authored “A Life of Discovery: Michael Faraday, Giant of the Scientific Revolution.”
1875Aug 25Captain Matthew Webb (1848-1883) became the first person to swim across the English Channel, traveling from Dover, England, to Calais, France, in 21 hours and 45 min. Swimming the Channel entails about 35 miles of swimming due to currents in waters that are 55 to 65 degrees Fahrenheit.
1901Aug 25Clara Maass (25), army nurse, sacrificed her life to prove that the mosquito carries yellow fever.
1908Aug 25The National Association of Colored Nurses was formed.
1912Aug 25An aircraft recovered from a spin for the 1st time.
1914Aug 25German troops marched into France and pushed the French army to the Sedan.
1919Aug 25The 1st scheduled passenger service by airplane between Paris and London.
1924Aug 25An international maritime treaty was drawn.
1925Aug 25Asa Philip Randolph (36) began to organize the Pullman Sleeping Car Porters’ Union.
1928Aug 25An expedition led by Richard E. Byrd set sail from Hoboken, N.J., on its journey to Antarctica.
1929Aug 25Graf Zeppelin passed over SF for LA following a trans-Pacific voyage.
1932Aug 25Amelia Earhart completed a transcontinental flight.
1937Aug 25Japanese fleet blockaded the Chinese coast.
1940Aug 25Jose Van Dam, bass-baritone, was born in Brussels, Belgium.
1941Aug 25German troops conquered Novgorod, Leningrad.
1942Aug 25German SS began transporting Jews of Maastricht, Neth.
1942Aug 25W. van Daalen, opposition leader on Celebes, was beheaded.
1943Aug 25U.S. forces completed the occupation of New Georgia in the Solomon Islands during World War II. Losing Hill 700 to the Japanese meant defeat for the American forces on Bougainville. To the men of the 37th Infantry Division, that was unthinkable.
1943Aug 25Lord Mountbatten was appointed Supreme Allied Commander in SE Asia.
1944Aug 25Romania declared war on Germany.
1945Aug 25John Birch, Baptist missionary and US army intelligence specialist, was killed by Chinese Communists. His death is considered the first US death in the struggle against communism.
1945Aug 25Jewish immigrants were permitted to leave Mauritius for Palestine.
1949Aug 25Martin Amis, English novelist, was born. His work included “Money, Time’s Arrow.”
1955Aug 25Last Soviet forces left Austria.
1958Aug 25President Eisenhower signed a measure providing pensions for former U.S. presidents and their widows.
1961Aug 25Brazilian president Janio Quadros resigned.
1964Aug 25Singapore limited imports from Netherlands due to Indonesian aggression.
1973Aug 25France performed a nuclear test at Muruora Island.
1983Aug 25The US and USSR signed a $10 billion grain pact.
1987Aug 25Dow Jones industrial stock avg. reached a record 2722.42.
1989Aug 25NASA scientists received stunning photographs of Neptune and its moons from Voyager 2.
1991Aug 25In the 43rd Emmy Awards: LA Law, Cheers, Kirstie Alley and Patricia Wettig won.
1992Aug 25President Bush and Democrat Bill Clinton appeared separately before the American Legion in Chicago; Bush cited his World War II military service while Clinton sought to bury the controversy over his Vietnam-era draft status.
1994Aug 25The US Senate passed a $30 billion crime bill, a major victory for Pres. Clinton.
1996Aug 25President Clinton began a whistle-stop train trip in Huntington, W.Va., that would take him to the Democratic National Convention in Chicago.
1997Aug 25The tobacco industry agreed to an $11.3 billion settlement with the state of Florida to settle a smoking-related lawsuit.
1998Aug 25Jose Antonio Llama, a member of the board of the Cuban-American National Foundation was indicted along with 6 other men for plotting to kill Fidel Castro in 1997.
1999Aug 25It was reported that Mickey Rooney had joined animal rights activists to support legislation to outlaw “crush” videos, which depict small animals being killed by scantily clad women.
2000Aug 25Daniel Wiant (35), former executive of the American Cancer Society, pleaded guilty to embezzling nearly $8 million from the charity.
2001Aug 25Univ. of Chicago doctors announced that they a kept a human kidney operating for 24 hours in a machine that simulated a warm human body.
2002Aug 25Acclaimed bass-baritone William Warfield (82), best known for his rendition of “Ol’ Man River” in the musical “Show Boat,” died in Chicago.
2003Aug 25In southeastern Afghanistan US jets hit a Taliban hideout and at least 14 insurgents were killed.
2004Aug 25An Army investigation found that 27 people attached to an intelligence unit at Abu Ghraib prison near Baghdad either approved or participated in the abuse of Iraqi prisoners.
2005Aug 25The US base closing commission voted to shut down the Army’s historic Walter Reed hospital as it endorsed much of Defense Secretary Donald H. Rumsfeld’s broader plan to streamline support services across the Army, Navy and Air Force.
2006Aug 25A college student’s checked luggage on a Continental Airlines flight that had arrived in Houston from Buenos Aires, Argentina, was found to contain a stick of dynamite, one of six security incidents that day that caused US flights to be diverted, evacuated or searched.
2007Aug 25Wyoming Republicans decided to hold their delegate selection process on Jan 5, 2008, before both Iowa and New Hampshire.
2008Aug 25The US Democratic Convention opened in the Pepsi Center of Denver, Colorado, where Sen. Edward Kennedy passed the party’s crown to Barack Obama.
2009Aug 25The US White House forecast a 10-year federal deficit of $9 trillion, more than the sum of all previous deficits since America’s founding.
2010Aug 25Cosan, Brazil’s biggest sugar and ethanol producer, signed a $12 billion joint venture with Royal

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