Today in HISTORY

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YEARDAYEVENT
1263Aug 19King James I of Aragon censored Hebrew writing.
1493Aug 19Maximilian succeeded his father Frederick III as Holy Roman Emperor. Frederick III of Innsbruck (77), German Emperor (1440-1493), died.
1524Aug 19Emperor Charles V’s troops besieged Marseille.
1561Aug 19Mary Queen of Scots arrived in Leith, Scotland, to assume the throne after spending 13 years in France.
1587Aug 19Sigismund III was chosen to be the king of Poland.
1692Aug 19Five women were hanged in Salem, Massachusetts after being convicted of the crime of witchcraft. Fourteen more people were executed that year and 150 others are imprisoned.
1753Aug 19[Johann] Balthasar Neumann (66), German architect, died.
1772Aug 19Gustavus III of Sweden eliminated the rule of parties and establishes an absolute monarchy. It had been subordinate to parliament since 1720.
1779Aug 19Americans under Major Henry Lee took the British garrison at Paulus Hook, New Jersey.
1807Aug 19Robert Fulton’s North River Steamboat arrived in Albany, two days after leaving New York.
1821Aug 19There was a failed liberal coup against French King Louis XVIII.
1848Aug 19The New York Herald reported the discovery of gold in California.
1856Aug 19Gail Borden (1801-1874) received a patent for condensed milk and opened a small factory for its production in Walcottville, Conn. At this time milk in NYC sold for 6-7 cents a quart.
1864Aug 19The 2nd day of battle at Globe Tavern, Virginia.
1872Aug 19Eugene-Prosper Prevost (63), composer, died.
   
1876Aug 19George Smith (b.1840), British Assyriologist, died of dysentery in Syria. He was on his way home from a 3rd trip to Mesopotamia. Smith had completed the translation of the complete Epic of Gilgamesh in 1874.
1909Aug 19The Indianapolis Motor Speedway opened with a 2.5 mile race track. It was founded in 1906 and the 1st 500 race was held in 1911.
1912Aug 19Percy Aldridge Grainger’s “Shepherd’s Key,” premiered.
1913Aug 19San Francisco’s Orpheum theater headlined W.C. Fields (1880-1946), a comedy juggler, as “the silent humorist.”
1914Aug 19Elmer Rice’ “On Trial,” premiered in NYC.
1918Aug 19“Yip! Yip! Yaphank,” a musical revue by Irving Berlin featuring Army recruits from Camp Upton in Yaphank, N.Y., opened on Broadway.
1919Aug 19Afghanistan established independence from the UK with the signing of the Treaty of Rawalpindi.
1929Aug 19The comedy program “Amos ‘n’ Andy,” starring Freeman Gosden and Charles Correll, made its network radio debut on NBC.
1934Aug 19A plebiscite in Germany approved the vesting of sole executive power in Adolf Hitler as Fuhrer. 38 million Germans voted to make Adolf Hitler the official successor to President von Hindenburg.
1937Aug 19Hugo Black (1886-1971), US Senator from Alabama, was sworn in as associate US Supreme Court Justice.
1941Aug 19The final German assault on Tallinn began.
1942Aug 19Gen. Paulus ordered the German 6th Army to conquer Stalingrad.
1943Aug 19Belgian church excommunicated Nazi Leon Degrelle.
1944Aug 19The last Japanese troops were driven out of India.
1947Aug 19J. Arens and D. van Dorpen synthesized vitamin A.
   
1950Aug 19Edith Sampson became the first African-American representative to the United Nations.
1954Aug 19Ralph J. Bunche was named undersecretary of UN.
1955Aug 19Severe flooding in the Northeast caused by the remnants of Hurricane Diane claimed some 200 lives.
1959Aug 19Jacob Epstein (78), US-English sculptor, painter, died.
1963Aug 19NAACP Youth Council began sit-ins at lunch counters in Oklahoma City.
1965Aug 19The Auschwitz trials ended with only 6 life sentences.
   
1966Aug 19An earthquake struck Varko, Turkey, and some 2,400 were killed.
1967Aug 19Beatles’ “All You Need is Love,” single went #1.
1974Aug 19US Ambassador Rodger P. Davies was fatally wounded by a bullet that penetrated the American embassy in Nicosia, Cyprus, during a protest by Greek Cypriots.
1980Aug 19Otto Frank (b.1889), the father of Anne Frank, died in Switzerland.
1982Aug 19Soviet cosmonaut Svetlana Savitskaya became the second woman to be launched into space.
   
1988Aug 19During a news conference in his hometown of Huntington, Ind., Republican vice-presidential nominee Dan Quayle defended his service in the National Guard during the Vietnam War.
1989Aug 19Polish President Wojciech Jaruzelski formally nominated Tadeusz Mazowiecki to become Poland’s first non-Communist prime minister in four decades.
1993Aug 19Mattel and Fisher Price toys announced a merger.
1994Aug 19President Clinton abruptly halted the nation’s three-decade open-door policy for Cuban refugees.
1996Aug 19A judge sentenced former Arkansas Gov. Jim Guy Tucker to four years’ probation for his Whitewater crimes.
1997Aug 19Missouri and Oklahoma withdrew inmates from a private Texas prison after the release of a video tape that showed guards using dogs and stun guns on prisoners made to crawl during a drug raid.
1998Aug 19President Clinton spent a quiet 52nd birthday with his family on Martha’s Vineyard as controversy continued to swirl over his admissions to a grand jury concerning his relationship with Monica Lewinsky.
1999Aug 19The Evangelical Lutheran Church, 5.2 million members, agreed to establish formal ties with the Episcopal Church, 2.4 million members.
2000Aug 19It was reported that 9 people had died in Ethiopia’s Afar region after the Awash River burst its banks and inundated the Danakil Lowlands. 30,000 people were left homeless.
2001Aug 19Davis Toms won the PGA Championship with a 1-under-par 69.
2002Aug 19In San Jose, Ca., an 8-alarm fire consumed about 25% of the new $500 million Santana Row shopping and residential complex along S. Winchester Blvd.
2003Aug 19An Ohio auto-parts worker shot a woman to death and wounded 2 other employees in Andover.
2004Aug 19Democratic presidential nominee John Kerry fought back against campaign al-legations that he had exaggerated his combat record in Vietnam, accusing President Bush of using a Republican front group “to do his dirty work.”
2005Aug 19A Texas jury awarded Carol Ernst, widow of Robert Ernst, $253 million charging Merck Corp. liable for the heart-related death of Robert Ernst. $229 million was in punitive damages. Texas caps on punitive damages reduced that figure to about $26 million; Merck planned to appeal.
2006Aug 19In California explorers from the Cave Research Foundation discovered a large cave in Sequoia National Park, which they named Ursa Minor.
2007Aug 19US Customs seized a submarine-like vessel filled with hundreds of millions of dollars worth of cocaine off the Guatemalan coast.
2008Aug 19A US federal grand jury handed down a new indictment against Puerto Rico Gov. Anibal Acevedo Vila, charging him with four counts of wire fraud and one count of conspiracy to commit money laundering in connection with alleged campaign finance violations.
2009Aug 19US authorities in collaboration with Venezuela led to the seizure of about a ton of cocaine aboard a ship in the Caribbean Sea. Two Venezuelans and a Colombian were arrested.
2010Aug 19In San Francisco the city’s Recreation and park Commission voted 6-1 to oust Stow Lake Corp., the 67-year vendor at the Stow Lake snack bar and boat rental, and replace it with an out-of-state vendor. 3 more public hearings were scheduled prior to a vote by the Board of Supervisors.
2011Aug 19Phoenix, Az., cleaned itself up after a wall of dust 1,000 feet tall blanketed the city. It was the 3rd major dust storm to the Phoenix area since last month.
2012Aug 19In California prominent Hollywood film director Tony Scott (68), jumped to his death from a bridge in San Pedro, California. His signature works included “Top Gun.”
2013Aug 19In San Francisco demolition began on the Pagoda Palace, a North Beach theater built in 1908. The site will be used to remove boring machines that will dig the Central Subway.
2014Aug 19St. Louis, Missouri, officers shot dead an agitated man who yelled “kill me now” as he rushed at them with a knife during an apparent convenience store robbery.
  

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