Today in History

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Today in History

By Correspondent

YEARDAYEVENT
1282Mar 30Furious inhabitants of Palermo attacked French occupation force in the “Sicilian Vespers.” The Mafia appeared in Sicily to revolt against French rule after a drunken soldier attacked a young woman on her wedding day.
1298Mar 30Duke Vytenis joined with Riga and its archbishop against the Livonian order.
1422Mar 30Ketsugan, a Zen teacher, performed exorcisms to free the Aizoji temple.
1423Mar 30Lithuania and Poland reached an agreement at Kezmark with Emperor Sigismund, who agreed to recall Sigismund Kaributa from Poland.
1492Mar 30King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella signed a decree expelling all Jews from Spain. Jews numbered about 80,000 and it was estimated that about half chose to convert.
1533Mar 30Henry VIII made Thomas Cranmer archbishop of Canterbury. Cranmer had advised Henry that his 1509 marriage to Catherine of Aragon was null and void because she had previously married Henry’s late brother Arthur, even though that marriage was ever consummated.
1603Mar 30Battle at Mellifont: English army under Lord Mountjoy beat the Irish.
1719Mar 30Sir John Hawkins, author of the first history of music, was born.
1767Mar 30Jonas Kristupas Glaubicas, one of the founders of the Vilnius school of baroque architecture, died.
1814Mar 30Britain and allies marched into Paris after defeating Napoleon.
1820Mar 30Anna Sewell, English novelist, was born. Her “Black Beauty” has become the classic story about horses.
1822Mar 30Congress combined East and West Florida into the Florida Territory.
1840Mar 30“Beau” Brummell (b.1778), English dandy and former favorite of the prince regent, died of syphilis in a French lunatic asylum for paupers. In 2005 Ian Kelly authored the biography “Beau Brummel: The Ultimate Dandy.”
1842Mar 30Crawford Williamson Long (1815-1878) of Jefferson, Ga., utilized ether the first time to remove a tumor from the neck of his patient, Mr. James M. Venable.
1850Mar 30Charles Dickens published the first issue of his magazine “Household Words.”
1853Mar 30Vincent Van Gogh (d.1890), Dutch artist, was born in Zundert, Neth. His work included “The Drawbridge and Sunflowers in a Vase,” and “Harvest in Prevance,” which was done both in oil and as a watercolor. The watercolor sold in 1997 for $14.7 mil. He produced an estimated 900 paintings and 1200 drawings but sold virtually none of them. In 1997 it was reported that more than 100 of his paintings and drawings might be fakes. 300 of his canvasses were painted in the last 15 months of his life.
1855Mar 30First election in Territorial Kansas. Some 5,000 “Border Ruffians” invaded the territory from western Missouri and forced the election of a pro-slavery legislature.
1856Mar 30Russia signed the Treaty of Paris ending the Crimean War. It guaranteed the integrity of Ottoman Turkey and obliged Russia to surrender southern Bessarabia, at the mouth of the Danube. The Black Sea was neutralized, and the Danube River was opened to the shipping of all nations. In 2010 Allen Lane authored “Crimea: The Last Crusade.”
1858Mar 30Hyman L. Lipman of Philadelphia patented the pencil with an eraser attached on one end.
1864Mar 30Skirmish at Mount Elba, Arkansas.
1867Mar 30US Secretary of State William H. Seward signed an agreement with Russia’s Baron Edouard de Stoeckl to purchase the territory of Alaska for $7.2 million, two cents an acre, a deal roundly ridiculed as “Seward’s Folly,” “Seward’s icebox,” and President Andrew Johnson’s “polar bear garden.”
1870Mar 30Texas was the last Confederate state readmitted to the Union.
1873Mar 30Benedict Augustin Morel (63), psychologist (dementia praecox), died.
1880Mar 30Sean O’Casey (d. 1964), Irish playwright, was born. “It is my rule never to lose me temper till it would be detrimental to keep it.”
1883Mar 30Jo Davidson, American sculptor, was born.
1885Mar 30In Afghanistan, Russian troops inflicted a crushing defeat on Afghan forces Ak Teppe despite orders not to fight.
1902Mar 30Roberta Brooke Russell (d.2007) was born in Portsmouth, NH. In 1953 she married millionaire Vincent Astor (d.1959) and became a major philanthropist following his death.
1909Mar 30The Queensboro Bridge, the first double decker bridge, opened and linked the New York boroughs of Manhattan and Queens.
1912Mar 30The Treaty of Fez was signed. Sultan Abdelhafid made Morocco a French protectorate, resolving the Agadir Crisis of July 1, 1911.
1916Mar 30Pancho Villa killed 172 at the Guerrero garrison in Mexico.
1919Mar 30Gandhi announced resistance against Rowlatt Act.
1921Mar 30Countess of Sutherland, English great land owner, multi-millionaire, was born.
1925Mar 30Stalin supported rights of non-Serbian Yugoslavians.
1926Mar 30Feliks E. Dzerzjinski (48), Lithuanian organizer (KGB), died. Felix Dzerzhinsky was the founder of the communist secret police, the Cheka.
1930Mar 30David Staple, joint president of the Council of Churches for Britain and Ireland, was born.
1931Mar 30In Scottsboro, Ala., 9 young black men were indicted for rape. By the end of April all were tried, convicted and sentenced to death, except for one age 13, who was sentenced to life in prison. The US Supreme Court later overturned the convictions, but they were convicted at a 2nd trial, even though one of the accused said no rape had occurred. Five convictions were overturned in 1937 after one alleged victim recanted her story. Clarence Norris received a pardon before his death in 1976. In 2013 Alabama’s parole board approved posthumous pardons for the “Scottsboro Boys” during a hearing for three black men whose convictions were never overturned.
1935Mar 30Britain and Russia agreed on treaties intended to curb the power of the Reich.
1936Mar 30Britain announced a naval construction program of 38 warships. This was the largest construction program in 15 years.
1937Mar 30Warren Beatty, American actor and director, was born in Richmond, Va., as Henry Warren Beaty. His older sister became famous as actress Shirley MacLaine (b.1934). In 2010 Peter Biskind authored “How Warren Beatty Seduced America.”
1940Mar 30The Japanese set up a puppet government called Manchuko in Nanking, China.
1941Mar 30Graeme Edge, rock drummer (Moody Blues-Your Wildest Dreams), was born in England.
1942Mar 30SS murdered 200 inmates of Trawniki labor camp.
1944Mar 30781 British bombers attacked Nuremberg.
1945Mar 30289 anti-fascists were murdered by Nazis in Rombergpark, Dortmund.
1946Mar 30The Allies seized 1,000 Nazis who were attempting to revive the Nazi party in Frankfurt.
1949Mar 30Friedrich C.R. Bergius (64), chemist (brown coal, Nobel 1931), died.
1950Mar 30President Truman denounced Senator Joe McCarthy as a saboteur of U.S. foreign policy.
1953Mar 30Einstein announced a revised unified field theory.
1954Mar 30Canada’s first subway line opened in Toronto.
1957Mar 30Tunisia and Morocco signed a friendship treaty in Rabat.
1959Mar 30Dalai Lama (b.1935), Tenzin Gyatso, having fled the Chinese suppression of a national uprising in Tibet, crossed the border into India. India granted him political asylum.
1961Mar 30P.J. Melotte, discovered Jupiter’s 8th satellite, Pasiphae, died.
1962Mar 30M.C. Hammer, [Stanley Kirk Burrell], rapper (Hammer Time), was born in Oakland, Ca.
1964Mar 30Tracy Chapman, US singer, songwriter (Freedom Now, I Got a Fast Car), was born.
1968Mar 30General Ludvik Svoboda (1895-1979) was elected president of Czechoslovakia. He stayed in office to 1975.
1970Mar 30Secretariat, race horse, triple crown (1973), was born.
1972Mar 30Hanoi launched its heaviest attack in four years, crossing the DMZ in the Easter offensive. 200,000 North Vietnamese soldiers under the command of General Vo Nguyen Giap wage an all-out attempt to conquer South Vietnam. The offensive is a tremendous gamble by Giap and is undertaken as a result of US troop withdrawal, the strength of the anti-war movement in America likely preventing a US retaliatory response, and the poor performance of South Vietnam’s Army during Operation Lam Son 719 in 1971. The Communist Easter invasion in South Vietnam was defeated.
1973Mar 30Ellsworth Bunker resigned as US ambassador to South Vietnam. He was succeeded by Graham A. Martin.
1975Mar 30As the North Vietnamese forces moved toward Saigon, desperate South Vietnamese soldiers mobbed rescue jets. Gen. Vo Nguyen Giap masterminded the North Vietnamese victory. Da Nang fell as 100,000 South Vietnamese soldiers surrender after being abandoned by their commanding officers.
1976Mar 30Israel killed 6 Palestinians protesting land confiscation.
1979Mar 30Northern Ireland spokesman Airey Neave, a leading member of the British parliament, was killed by a bomb planted by the Irish National Liberation Army (INLA) in the House of Commons car park in London.
1980Mar 30The Mormon Church celebrated its 150th anniversary in Salt Lake City, Utah.
1981Mar 30John W. Hinckley Jr. shot and wounded Pres. Ronald Reagan outside a Washington, D.C., hotel. Press Sec. James Brady took a bullet as did Secret Service agent Tim McCarthy and District of Columbia police officer Thomas Delahanty.
1985Mar 30Workers at cemeteries in Colma, Ca., joined striking East Bay graveyard employees.
1986Mar 30Actor James Cagney (86) died at his farm in Stanfordville, N.Y.
1987Mar 30The movie “Platoon” won four Academy Awards, including best picture; Paul Newman was named best actor for “The Color of Money,” Marlee Matlin won best actress for “Children of a Lesser God.”
1988Mar 30US House Democratic and Republican leaders said that they had agreed in principle on a package of about $50 million to aid the Nicaraguan rebels.
1989Mar 30“The Heidi Chronicles” by Wendy Wasserstein won the Pulitzer Prize for drama; in the journalism category, the Anchorage Daily News won the public service award for its reports on alcoholism and suicide among native Alaskans.
1990Mar 30Harry Bridges (b.1901), Australian-born SF labor activist, died.
1991Mar 30Patricia Bowman, a resident of Jupiter, Florida, told authorities she’d been raped hours earlier by William Kennedy Smith, the nephew of Senator Edward Kennedy, at the family’s Palm Beach estate. Smith was later acquitted at trial.
1992Mar 30“The Silence of the Lambs” won five Oscars at the 64th annual Academy Awards, including best picture, best actress for Jodie Foster and best actor for Anthony Hopkins.
1993Mar 30Washington attorney Robert Altman went on trial in New York City, charged with wrongdoing in connection with the Bank of Credit and Commerce International (BCCI). He was later acquitted.
1994Mar 30The Clinton administration announced it was lifting virtually all export controls on non-military products to China and the former Soviet bloc.
1995Mar 30Pope John Paul II issued the 11th encyclical of his papacy in which he condemned abortion and euthanasia as crimes that no human laws could legitimize.
1996Mar 30In the NCAA basketball finals, Kentucky beat Syracuse, 76-67.
1997Mar 30The reigning champion Lady Vols of Tennessee won their fifth NCAA women’s basketball title by defeating Old Dominion, 68-59.
1998Mar 30The Univ. of Kentucky beat the Utah Utes 78-69 at the Alamodome in San Antonio for the NCAA men’s basketball finals. It was Kentucky’s 7th national title.
1999Mar 30Olusegun Obasanjo, pres. elect of Nigeria, met with Pres. Clinton and vowed to build democracy.
2000Mar 30Russia’s Alexei Yagudin won his third title in the World Figure Skating Championships; Canada’s Elvis Stojko finished second, and American Michael Weiss was third.
2001Mar 30The Bush administration suspended a late Clinton rule that directed federal agencies to assess whether prospective contractors had violated federal laws.
2002Mar 30The United States joined other U.N. Security Council members in adopting a resolution calling on Israel to withdraw its troops from Palestinian cities, including Ramallah, where Yasser Arafat headquarters was under siege.
2003Mar 30In the 12th day of Operation Iraqi Freedom an Iraqi general, captured by British forces in southern Iraq, was pressed to provide information. A British TV correspondent covering the war in Iraq died after apparently falling from a hotel roof.
2004Mar 30President Bush agreed to do what he had insisted for weeks he would not: allow National Security Adviser Condoleezza Rice to testify publicly and under oath before an independent panel investigating the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks.
2005Mar 30The US Bureau of Economic Analysis final estimate of inflation adjusted GDP indicated 3.8% growth for the 4th quarter of 2004.
2006Mar 30Pres. Bush arrived in Cancun, Mexico, for 2 days of North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) talks with Canadian PM Stephen Harper and Mexico’s Pres. Fox.
2007Mar 30President Bush went to Walter Reed Army Medical Center, where he apologized to troops for shoddy conditions in outpatient housing.
2008Mar 30The Pritzker jury announced French architect jean Nouvel (62) as the winner of the 2008 Pritzker Prize.
2009Mar 30An “Open Cloud” manifesto was published. IBM and other tech companies issued a statement of principles that called for keeping cloud computing services as open as possible.
2010Mar 30Pres. Obama signed into law the final changes to the sweeping medical plan approved by lawmakers last week, along with reforms in college student loan programs.
2011Mar 30President Barack Obama set an ambitious goal to cut US oil imports by a third over 10 years, focusing on a source of anxiety for Americans as high gasoline prices threaten economic recovery.
2012Mar 30The US government agreed with Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, New York and Pennsylvania to cut red tape and speed up consideration for wind farms in the Great Lakes.
2013Mar 30In Mississippi nearly 50 people were arrested at a dogfight in Benton County following a months-long investigation.
2014Mar 30In Turkey violent feuds broke out in local elections for village and neighborhood leaders, leaving 6 people dead in the village of Yuvacik, Sanliurfa province, and 2 dead in the southern city of Hatay. PM Erdogan’s AK Party led the polls with 46%, retaining control of the two biggest cities Istanbul and Ankara and increasing its share of the national vote.
   
Source: Timelines of History   

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